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Goldman differentiates two major regional recensions: the northern (n) and the southern (s). The text has several regional renderings, recensions, and subrecensions. The text survives in several thousand partial and complete manuscripts, the oldest of which is a palm-leaf manuscript found in Nepal and dated to the 11th century CE. In its extant form, Valmiki’s Ramayana is an epic poem of some 50,000 lines. According to Hindu tradition, the Ramayana takes place during a period of time known as Treta Yuga. The definition of itihāsa has varied over time, with one definition being that itihāsa is a narrative of past events ( purāvṛtta) which includes teachings on the goals of human life. The main body of the narrative lacks statements of Rama’s divinity, and identifications of Rama with Vishnu are rare and subdued even in the later parts of the text.Īccording to Hindu tradition-and according to the Ramayana itself-the Ramayana belongs to the genre of itihāsa, like the Mahabharata. While it is often viewed as a primarily devotional text, the Vaishnava elements appear to be later accretions, possibly dating to the 2nd century BC or later. The story’s original version in Sanskrit is known as Valmiki Ramayana, dating to approximately the 5th to 4th century BC. The Hindu tradition is unanimous in its agreement that the poem is the work of a single poet the sage Valmiki, a contemporary of Rama and a peripheral actor in the drama. Traditionally, the Ramayana is attributed to Valmiki. The characters Rama, Sita, Lakshman, Bharata, Hanuman, and Ravana are all fundamental to the cultural consciousness of India, Nepal, and many south-east Asian countries such as Thailand and Indonesia.There are other versions of the Ramayana in Indian languages, besides Buddhist and Jain adaptations and also Cambodian, Indonesian, Filipino, Thai, Lao, Burmese, and Malaysian versions of the tale. Like the Mahabharata, the Ramayana is not just a story: it presents the teachings of ancient Hindu sages in narrative allegory, interspersing philosophical and devotional elements. The Ramayana was an important influence on later Sanskrit poetry and Hindu life and culture. Thematically, the Ramayana explores human values and the concept of dharma.Verses in the Ramayana are written in a 32-syllable meter called anuṣṭubh.
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Incidentally the first letter of every 1000 verses (total 24) make the Gayatri mantra. The Ramayana consists of 24,000 verses in seven books ( kāṇḍas) and 500 cantos ( sargas), and tells the story of Rama (an avatar of the Hindu supreme-god Vishnu), whose wife Sita is abducted by Ravana, the king of Lanka (current day Sri Lanka). The name Ramayana is a tatpurusha compound of Rāmaand ayana (“going, advancing”), translating to “ Rama’s Journey“. It depicts the duties of relationships, portraying ideal characters like the ideal father, the ideal servant, the ideal brother, the ideal wife, and the ideal king. The Ramayanaalso plays an important role in Hindu literature ( smṛti). It is regarded as one of the two great works of Indian literature, along with the Mahabharata. Because of its highly lesson-giving ideals, the Ramayana has been serving as a light-house for the people of India.Introduction The Ramayana (Sanskrit: रामायणम्, Rāmāyaṇam, pronounced ) is a Sanskrit epic poem ascribed to the Hindu sage and Sanskrit poet Valmiki. Peace is the best treasure, without it power, authority, fame and fortune are all dry and burdensome. It imparts poise, balance, equanimity, inner strength and peace. The Ramayana is a guidebook, a sacred text, an inspiring scripture for every man in all lands, whatever his creed or condition might be. People study it with deep devotion and reverence not only in India but in some countries of the Far East too. In south India, Kamban wrote the Ramayana in Tamil while Kirtivasa wrote it in Bengali. As remarked by Saint Narada, the Ramayana came to be a sacred book. This epic is divided into seven units – each unit forming as episode by itself.
HINDU GOD RAMAYANA SERIES
Our series is, however, based on the original Sanskrit Text. The original work was in Sanskrit, though later on, Saint Tulsi Das wrote it n Hindi poetry under the title Ramcharitmanas. The Word – Ramayana – means life-story of Rama. The Ramayana is the older of the two and was authored by Maharishi Valmiki at the instance of Sage Narada. The Ramayana and the Mahabharata are two most important epics of Ancient India.